Giáo án Luyện tập Chuyên đề nâng cao ngữ pháp tiếng Anh 8 - Unit 7: Pullution

 UNIT 7. PULLUTION
A. VOCABULARY
 News words Meaning Picture Example
 The aquatic ecosystem is 
 Aquatic
 threatened by water pollution.
 /əˈkwỉtɪk/
 Dưới nước Hệ sinh thái dưới nước đang bị 
 (adj) đe dọa bởi ơ nhiễm nước.
 Chemical substances from 
 factories are harmful to the 
 Chemical environment.
 Chất hĩa 
 /ˈkemɪkl/ Những chất hĩa học từ nhà 
 học
 (n) máy cĩ hại đối với mơi trường.
 They are trying to remove 
 Contaminant contaminants from the lake.
 Chất gây ơ 
 /kənˈtỉmɪnənt Họ đang cố gắng loại bỏ những 
 nhiễm
 chất gây ơ nhiễm ra khỏi hồ.
 (n)
 The fire badly damaged the 
 Damage
 building.
 /ˈdỉmɪdʒ/ Phá hủy
 Ngọn lửa đá phá hủy trầm 
 (v,n) trọng ngơi nhà. People dig well to use 
 Groundwater groundwater.
/ˈgraʊndwɔːtər/ (n) Nước ngầm Mọi người đào giếng để sử 
 dụng nguồn nước ngầm.
 Herbicide can pollute the 
 Herbicide
 Thuốc diệt groundwater.
 /ˈhɜːrbɪsaɪd/
 cỏ Thuốc diệt cỏ cĩ thể gây ra ơ 
 (n)
 nhiễm nguồn nước ngầm.
 Industrial chemicals cause air, 
 water and land pollution.
 Industrial
 Những chất hĩa học cơng 
 Thuộc về 
 /ɪnˈdʌstriəl/ nghiệp gây ra ơ nhiễm khơng 
 cơng nghiệp
 (adj) khí, nước và đất.
 The street are littered with 
 Litter
 rubbish.
 Đổ rác, làm 
 /ˈlɪtər/
 bừa bộn Những con đường bị đổ đầy 
 (n,v) rác.
 Some kinds of mushrooms 
 contain poison.
 Poison
 Một vài loại nấm cĩ chứa chất 
 /ˈpɔɪzn/ Chất độc độc.
 (n) với bạn của tơi.)
 -> “If the weather is fine” là mệnh đề chỉ điều 
 kiện: “I will go camping with my friends 
 tomorrow” là mệnh đề chỉ kết quả (mệnh đề 
 chính)
Mệnh đề IF và mệnh đề chính cĩ thể đứng trước I will go camping with my friends tomorrow if the 
hay sau đều được. weather is fine.
II. ƠN TẬP CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 1 (CONDITIONAL SENENCES TYPE 1)
Chức năng Dùng để diễn tả điều kiện cĩ thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.
Cấu trúc If + S+ V (s/es) + (bổ ngữ) S will +V nguyên mẫu + (bổ ngữ)
 (thì hiện tại đơn) (thì tương mai đơn)
 -> Mệnh đề IF dùng thì hiện tại đơn, mệnh đề chính dùng thì tương lai.
Ví dụ If I have enough money, I will buy a new computer. (Nếu tơi cĩ đủ tiền thì tơi sẽ mua 
 một chiếc máy tính mới.)
 - If you work hard, you will make a lot of money. (Nếu bạn làm việc chăm chỉ thì bạn 
 sẽ kiếm được nhiều tiền.)
Lưu ý • Unless= If not
 • If= Unless + not
 Ví dụ:
 - If he doesn’t do his homework, his mother will complain.
 -> Unless he does homework, his mother will complain.
 - If you don’t send to the hospital, she will die.
 -> Unless you send her to the hospital, she will die.
 Cĩ thể dùng các động từ must, have to, can, may, should thay cho will trong mệnh đề 
 chính. 3. I (go) ___will go_____ to see the doctor if I don’t feel well tomorrow.
4. They can’t hear you unless you (speak) ___speak ___ louder.
5. If Peter (forget) _____forgets________ to write his essay, the teacher (give) ________will give 
_____ him a low mark.
6. If they (win) ____win_______ this match, they will ne the champions.
7. We (have) ____will have_____ plenty of time if we (arrive) ___arrive ___ there early.
8. The zookeeper (punish) _____will punish_______ you if you (feed) _____feed______ the animal.
9. What ___will Jane say_____ (Jane/ say) if Jim (tell) ___tells____ her the truth.
10. The boys (shiver) _______will shiver______ with cold if they (swim) ____swim____ in this lake.
11. The door (not lock) _____will not unlock_______- unless you (press) __press__ the green button.
12. Jim won’t be late if he (take) _____takes__________ the bus at 6 o’clock .
13. Mary isn’t home, but if you (want) __want___ to leave her a message, I (give) __will give_____ it 
to her.
14. If jack (clean) __cleans______ the floor, I (do) ___will do_______ the washing.
15. The children (be) _will be____ happy if you (give) __give_____ them some sweets.
Bài 3.Nối cột A với cột B để tạo thành câu hồn chỉnh.
 A B
1. If people keep dumping rubbish into the lake, a. the groundwater will be poisoned.
2. If the farmers overuse pesticide, b. if our surrounding environment is polluted
3. Soil erosion won’t happen in an area, c. they will disappear in the future.
4. if we don’t converse the rainforests, d. unless we join hands to protect it.
5. Our health will be badly affected e. the aquatic life will be afflicted.
6. Our environment will be damaged f. floods will be more and more severe.
7. Is we don’t protect the frontier forests, g. if people use more public transportation.
8. The amount of carbon dioxide in the h. if people practice sustainable agricultural mad 2. You will run out of money if you don’t stop wasting it.
-> You will run out of money unless you stop wasting it. 
3. Don’t call me unless it is an emergency.
-> Don’t call me if it is not an emergency.
4. James will not pass the test unless he studies harder.
-> James will not pass the test if he doesn’t study harder.
5. If Jane finishes her work before 6 pm, she will dine out with her friends.
-> Unless Jane doesn’t finish her work before 6 pm, she will dine out with her friends.
6. My brother won’t go travelling this summer if he doesn’t find a companion.
-> . My brother won’t go travelling this summer unless he finds a companion.
7. It is not easy to do these exercises unless you listen attentively to the teacher.
-> It is not easy to do these exercises if you don’t listen attentively to the teacher.
8. If Jim doesn’t submit his essay before Tuesday, he will be punished by the teacher.
-> Unless Jim submits his essay before Tuesday, he will be punished by the teacher.
III. CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 2 (CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE 2)
Chức năng - Dùng để diễn tả điều kiện khơng thể xảy ra ở 
 hiện tại hoặc tương lai, điều kiện chỉ là một giả 
 thiết, mọt ước muốn trái ngược với thực trạng hiện 
 tại.
 - Dùng để đưa ra lời khuyên.
Cấu trúc If+ S+ V-ed + (bổ ngữ), S+ would + V nguyên 
 mẫu + (bổ ngữ).
 (thì quá khứ đơn)
 -> Mệnh đề IF dùng thì quá khứ đơn, mệnh đề 
 chính dùng động từ khuyết thiếu “would +V”
Ví dụ If we were a bird, I wou;d be very happy. 10. If Jane had more money, she (would treat/ treated) herself to a decent meal.
11. If you were a billionaire, what (would you do/ did you do)/
12. If Kate owned a computer, she (would spend/ spent) most of her free time on it.
13. If I (would know/ knew) his address, I would give it to you.
14. She would look much better if her hair (didn’t look/ wouldn’t look) so unkempt.
15. If I were in your situation, I (would/ will) let the nature take its course.
Bài 7. Hồn thành các câu sau, sử dụng dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc.
1. More tourists would come to our country if we (provide) ____provided__________ better services.
2. If I studies abroad, _____would we keep________ (we/keep) in touch with each other?
3. If someone (give) _____gave_________ you a camera, what would you do with it?
4. If I (win) ______won___________ a big prize in a lottery, I (donate) _____would 
donate__________ a part of it and (spend) _______(would) spend________ the rest for myself.
5. What _____would you do______ (you/do) if you found a wallet in the street?
6. I could watch foreign TV program without subtitles if I (know) ____knew_____ English.
7. He might be obese if he (not stop) _________didn’t stop_________ taking in fat and sugar.
8. If he knew that it was dangerous, he (not do) _____wouldn’t do__________ it.
9. If you (see) ______see__________ someone drowning, ____would you save____________ 
(you/save) him?
10. She (be) _________would be_________ happier if her parents (not get) ________didn’t 
get________ divorced.
11. If you (sleep) ____slept_________ under a mosquito net you (not be) ________would not 
be_______ bitten so often.
12. I (get) _______wouldn’t get__________ a job easily if I (have) ________had______________ a 
degree.
13. If she (have) __had_______ another hair style, she (look) ___would look________ younger.
14. If the weather (not be) ____was not_____________ severe, out crops (grow) _____would 
grow__________ faster.