Giáo án Luyện tập Chuyên đề nâng cao ngữ pháp tiếng Anh 8 - Unit 11: Science and technology

 UNIT 11: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
 (KHOA HỌC VÀ CÔNG NGHỆ)
A. VOCABULARY
 New words Meaning Picture Example
archaeology khảo cổ học Josh is interested in 
[,ɑ:ki'ɔlədʒi] (n) archaeology.
 Josh có hứng thú với khảo 
 cổ học
discover khám phá You will be fascinated to 
[dis'kʌvə] (v) discover about the city’s 
 history.
 Bạn sẽ thấy thích thú khi 
 khám phá lịch sử thành phố 
 này.
enormous to lớn, khổng lồ He spent an enormous 
[i'nɔ:məs] (adj) amount of time on that 
 project.
 Anh ấy dành một lượng lớn 
 thời gian cho dự án đó.
explorer người thám hiểm Jim dreams of becoming an 
[iks'plɔ:rə] explorer in the future.
 Jim mơ ước trở thành một 
 nhà thám hiểm trong tương 
 lai.
field ngành, khía cạnh She is well-known in the 
[fi:ld] (n) field of music.
 Cô ấy nổi tiếng trong lĩnh 
 vực âm nhạc.
invent phát minh, sáng The light bulb was invented 
[in'vent] (v) chế by Thomas Edison.
 Bóng đèn được phát minh 
 bởi Thomas Edison. I. ÔN TẬP CÁC THÌ TƯƠNG LAI (FUTURE TESES)
 Thì Cấu trúc Dấu hiệu nhận biết
Tương lai đơn (+) S + will + V(infinitve) + O tomorrow
 (-) S + won’t+ V(infinitve) + O next week/month/year
 (?) Will + S + V(infinitve) + O ? in the future
 in + thời gian trong tương lai
Tương lai tiếp diễn (+) S + will + be + V-ing + O At this time tomorrow/next 
 (-) S + won’t + be + V-ing + O week
 (+) Will + S +be + V-ing + O ? At 10 o’clock tomorrow
 Thời gian xác định tại một 
 thời điểm trong tương lai
Bài 1: Viết lại cụm từ gạch chân trong mỗi câu dưới đây ở dạng thì tương lai đơn (will 
+ V) hoặc thì tương lai tiếp diễn (will be + V-ing) sao cho phù hợp.
1. Don’t call me at 10 o’clock. I will be flying to Spain.
2. I suppose we will stay at a hotel next summer.
3. Come to see me in the afternoon. I will be working in the garden.
4. Do you think it will snow at the weekend?
5. Is the coat O.K ?- Yes, I will take it 
6. This time on Sunday we will be skiing in France. 
7. I don’t know if I will stay here. Perhaps I will move to a big city one day.
8. Every student will be using/will use a computer in the future. 
Bài 2: Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì tương lai đơn hoặc thì tương lai tiếp diễn sao cho 
phù hợp.
1. I can buy it for you. I (shop) will be shopping in the afternoon anyway.
2. Is Bill at school? – No, he isn’t. I suppose he (come) will come
3. I hope Simon (be) will be there.
4. Did you remember to invite Mrs. Oates? – Oh, no! I forgot. But I (call) will call her now. - Câu tường thuật (hay còn gọi là câu gián (Reported Speech/ Indirect Speech)
tiếp) là câu thuật lại lời nói trực tiếp do một 
người khác phát biểu.
2. Câu trần thuật gián tiếp (Reported Statement)
Khi muốn thay đổi một câu trần thuật trực tiếp sang 1 câu trần thuật gián tiếp, chúng ta dùng 
động từ ‘say/tell’ để giới thiệu. Đồng thời cần áp dụng các quy tắc sau:
a. Thay đổi thì của động từ.
* Nếu động từ giới thiệu ở thì hiện tại (say/tell) thì động từ trong câu gián tiếp giữ nguyên 
thì trong câu trực tiếp.
Ví dụ: “ I always drink coffee in the morning”, she says
→ She says that she always drinks coffee in the morning.
* Nếu động từ giới thiệu ở thì quá khứ (said/told) thì động từ trong câu gián tiếp cần thay 
đổi như sau:
 Thì trong lời nói trực tiếp Thì trong lời nói gián tiếp
Hiện tại đơn → Quá khứ đơn.
“I like sciences” He said (that) he liked sciences
Hiện tại tiếp diễn →Quá khứ tiếp diễn
“I am staying for a few days” She said (that) she was staying for a few 
 days.
Hiện tại hoàn thành → Quá khứ hoàn thành
“Nick has left” She said (that) Nick had left
Quá khứ đơn → Quá khứ hoàn thành
“Nick left this morning” She told me (that) Nick had left that morning
Quá khứ tiếp diễn → Quá khứ tiếp diễn/ Quá khứ hoàn 
 thành tiếp diễn
“I was doing my homework” She said (that) she was doing her homework 
 /She had been doing her homework
Will →Would
“Man will travel to Mars” He said (that) man would travel to Mars.
Can → Could
“We can swim” They told us (that) they could swim.
May →Might 2. “Our plane lands tonight”→ They said their plane landed that night
3. “I saw Jane yesterday”→ He told me that she had seen Jane the day before
4. “I have met your father”→ Dan told me that he had met my father
5. “I am going to the cinema this evening”→ Sara told me that she was going to the cinema 
that evening
6. “Paul took his driving licence last week”→ Paul told me he had taken his driving licence 
the previous week.
7. “This girl is my sister”→ She said to me that that girl was her sister.
8. “I like the way they cook here”→ Tina said that she liked the way they cooked there
9. “She won’t arrive tomorrow”→ Sandra said that she wouldn’t arrive the following day
10. “Henry phoned Lara two hours ago”→ Henry told me that Lara had phoned before
11. “I am watching TV now”→ Mum said that she was watching TV then
Bài 5: Điền vào chỗ trống từ phù hợp “said” hoặc “told”
1. He told me a nice story.
2. Sarah said to her mum that she was sick.
3. We said that we were going to leave that night.
4. Paul said his books were missing.
5. She said that she would take the dog out that night.
6. Brian said that he had moved to Canada the week before.
7. Dan told Lara to stop spending so much money.
8. Our teacher told us that Christopher Columbus had discovered had discovered America.
9. He said they would arrive the following day.
10. They told her to come early.
11. Fiona said to Kate that she had bought a nice skirt the day before.
12. I was sure that he told the truth.
Bài 6: Đọc ví dụ và viết các câu gián tiếp ở thì hiện tại cho các câu dưới đây. 6. “I wish I was twenty years younger,”said Linda.
Linda said she wished she was twenty years younger.
7. “Answer the phone!”he told me.
He told me to answer the phone
8. “Where is Alex?” she asked me.
She asked me where Alex was
Bài 8: Hoàn thành các câu gián tiếp dưới đây.
1. Mr. Miller said, ‘I can’t come to the meeting on Sunday’
Mr. Miller said (that) he couldn’t come to the meeting on Sunday.
2. Mary said, ‘I’m feeling ill’
Mary said (that) she was feeling ill.
3. Your brother said, ‘I like chocolate’
Your brother said (that) he liked chocolate.
4. My brother said, ‘I’m going to learn to cook’
My brother said (that) he was going to learn to cook.
5. He said, ‘I’ll learn English online tomorrow’
He said (that) he would learn English online the next day.
6. My cousin said, ‘I’m not enjoying my job very much recently’
My cousin said (that) he wasn’t enjoying his job very much recently.
7. My parents said, ‘We’ll phone you when we get back’
My parents said (that) they would phone me when they got back.
8. Susan said, ‘You don’t know what Bob is doing’
Susan said (that) you/I didn’t know what Bob was doing.
9. She said, ‘I’ll tell dad I saw you’
She said (that) she would tell dad she had seen you/me. 7. You can visit me tomorrow. I (not do) won’t be doing anything important.
8. Can I borrow your car? Sure, I (not use) won’t be using it until Friday.
9. At 11 p.m I (sleep) will be sleeping.
10. You should recognize her easily. She (wear) will be wearing a red skirt.
11. I wish I could visit you, but I (manage) will be managing a very important project.
12. She (not come) won’t come with us, I’m sure.
13. I (help) will help you as soon as I finish this project.
14. He (not be able) won’t be able to carry such a heavy bag.
15. I think he (find) will find this work more interesting when he grows up.
16. This time next month I (enjoy) will be enjoying the holidays.
17. Hold on, I (give) will give you a gift.
18. He (give) will be giving me 20$ a day during my stay.
19. I suppose the weather (be) will be good.
20. We (leave) will leave this house as soon as possible.
Bài 10: Khoanh tròn vào phương án đúng.
1. Customer in restaurant: Waiter, this place is dirty.
Waiter: I’m sorry, sir, I _________________ (bring) you another.
A. will bring B. will be bringing C. A &B
2. It’s beginning to get dark; the street lights ________ (go) on in a few minutes.
A. will go B. will be going C. A & B
3. Let’s wait here; the swing bridge __________(open) in a minute to let that ship through.
A. will open B. will be opening C. A & B
4. Guest: May I use your phone to ring for a taxi?
Hostess: Oh, there’s no need for that; my son __________(drive) you home.
A.will drive B. will be driving C. A & B
5. A: Before you leave the office you _________ (hand) the keys of the safe to Mr Pitt. Do 
you understand?