Chuyên đề Ngữ pháp tiếng Anh - Chuyên đề 24: Cụm từ cố định (Collocations)

 CHUYÊN ĐỀ 24
 CỤM TỪ CỐ ĐỊNH – COLLOCATIONS
Cụm từ cố định (collocation) là những cụm gồm hai hay nhiều từ thường hay đi cùng với nhau và theo
một trật tự nhất định. Chúng không có quỵ tắc hay một công thức cụ thể.
Collocation có thể dưới các dạng sau:
I. Một số cụm từ cố định (collocations) thường gặp
 STT Cụm từ cố định Nghĩa
 1 Let one's hair down thư giãn, xả hơi
 2 Drop-dead gorgeous thể chất, cơ thể tuyệt đẹp
 3 The length and breadth of sth ngang dọc khắp cái gì
 4 Make headlines trở thành tin tức quan trọng, được lan
 truyền rộng rãi
 5 Take measures to V thực hiện các biện pháp để làm gì
 6 It is the height of stupidity = It is no use thật vô nghĩa khi...
 7 Pave the way for chuẩn bị cho, mở đường cho
 8 Speak highly of something đề cao điều gì
 9 Tight with money thắt chặt tiền bạc
 10 In a good mood trong một tâm trạng tốt, vui vẻ
 11 On the whole = In general nhìn chung, nói chung
 12 Peace of mind yên tâm
 13 Give sb a lift/ride cho ai đó đi nhờ
 14 Make no difference không tạo ra sự khác biệt
 15 On purpose cố ý
 16 By accident = by chance = by mistake = by tình cờ
 coincide
 17 In terms of về mặt
 18 By means of bằng cách
 19 With a view to V-ing để làm gì
 20 In view of theo quan điểm của
 21 Breathe/ say a word nói/ tiết lộ cho ai đó biết về điều gì đó
 22 Get straight to the point đi thẳng đến vấn đề
 23 Be there for sb o đó bên cạnh ai
 24 Take it for granted cho nó là đúng, cho là hiển nhiên
 25 Do the household chores làm việc nhà
 Do homework làm bài tập về nhà
 Do assignment làm công việc được giao
 26 On one's own = by one's self tự thân một mình
 27 Make up one’s mind on smt = make a quyết định về cái gì
 decision on smt
 28 Give a thought about suy nghĩ về
 29 Pay attention to chú ý tới
 30 Prepare a plan for chuẩn bị cho
 31 Sit for thi lại
 32 A good run for your money có một quãng thời gian dài hạnh phúc và 70 Out of reach ngoài tầm với
 Out of the condition không vừa (về cơ thể)
 Out of touch mất liên lạc với, không có tin tức về
 Out of the question không thể được, điều không thể 
 Out of stock hết hàng
 Out of practice không thể thực thi
 Out of work thất nghiệp
 Out of date lạc hậu, lỗi thời 
 Out of order hỏng hóc
 Out of fashion lỗi mốt
 Out of season trái mùa
 Out of control ngoài tầm kiểm soát
71 Rise to the occasion tỏ ra có khả năng đối phó với tình thế khó
 khăn bất ngờ
72 Put somebody off something làm ai hết hứng thú với điều gì
73 Cross one's mind chợt nảy ra trong trí óc
74 Have full advantage có đủ lợi thế
75 Establish somebody/something/your-self (in giữ vững vị trí
 something) (as something)
76 You can say that again hoàn toàn đồng ý
77 Word has it that có tin tức rằng
78 At the expense of St trả giá bằng cái gì
79 Tobe gripped with a fever bị cơn sốt đeo bám
80 Make full use of tận dụng tối đa
81 Make a fortune Make a guess Make an trở nên giàu có dự đoán gây ấn tượng
 impression
82 The brink of collapse bờ vực phá sản
83 Come down with something bị (một bệnh gì đó)
84 Make up for something đền bù, bù vào
85 Get through to somebody làm cho ai hiểu được mình
86 Face up to something đủ can đảm để chấp nhận
87 An authority on St có chuyên môn về lĩnh vực gì
88 Meet the demand for... đáp ứng nhu cầu cho ...
89 Pat yourself on the back = praise yourself khen ngợi chính mình
90 Take/have priority over something ưu tiên, đặt hàng đầu
91 Shows a desire to do St = desire to do st khao khát, mong muốn làm gì
92 By virtue of + N/V-ing bởi vì
93 With regard to + N/V-ing về mặt, về vấn đề, có liên quan tới
94 In recognition of + N/V-ing được công nhận về
95 Put up with chịu đựng
96 Get on with = get along with= keep/ be on thân thiện (với ai), ăn ý (với ai), hoà thuận 
 good terms with = have a good relationship với ai, có quan hệ tốt với ai
 with
97 Deal with giải quyết cái gì
98 Do the washing up rửa bát đĩa
 Do the shopping mua sắm 10. My neighbors are really tight with money. They hate throwing away food, don't eat at restaurant, and 
always try to find the best price.
 A. to spend money too easily B. to not like spending money
 C. to not know the value of money D. to save as much money as possible
11. We were all in a mood because the weather was good and we were going on holiday the 
next day.
 A. bad B. well C. excellent D. good
12. On the whole, the rescue mission was well executed.
 A. In fact B. In particular C. At once D. In general
13. With this type of insurance, you're buying of mind.
 A. peace B. satisfaction C. calmness D. contentment
14. Could you me a lift into town?
 A. give B. get C. do D. make
15. The players' protests no difference to the referee's decision at all.
 A. did B. made C. caused D. created
16. In a formal interview, it is essential to maintain good eye with the interviewers.
 A. link B. connection C. touch D. contact
17. It was no accident that he broke my glasses. He did it purpose.
 A. with B. on C. by D. about
18. I read the contract again and again avoiding making spelling mistakes.
 A. in terms of B. by means of C. with a view to D. in view of
19. Please don't a word of this to anyone else, it's highly confidential.
 A. speak B. pass C. mutter D. breathe
20. My advice is that you get straight to the point in the next report.
 A. If I were you, I would go straight to the bush in the next report.
 B. If I were you, I would have the next report got started.
 C. If I were you, I would not beat around the bush in the next report.
 D. If I were you, I would not point out the next report.
Exercise 2: Chọn phương án đúng
1. I am glad I was able to be there for my friend when her mom died.
 A. to offer support in time of need for B. to cry with
 C. to travel with D. to visit
2. She simply took it for granted that the check was good and did not ask him any questions about it.
 A. permitted it B. accepted it without investigation
 C. objected to it D. looked it over
3.When you consider all the advantages you've gained I think you'll admit you had a good for 
your money.
 A. run B. way C. earn D. drive
4. In a modern family the husband is expected to join hands with his wife to the household 
chores.
 A. do B. make C. run D. take
5. While everyone else in this class prefers working in groups, Alice likes working 
 A. on her own B. of her own C. on herself D. in herself
6. Reaching 35 and obviously aging, Jane has to make up her mind on her future very soon.
 A. give a thought about B. pay attention to C. prepare a plan for D. make a decision on
7. Foreign students who are a decision about which school to attend may not know exactly 
where the choices are located. 10. I find myself at a loss to understand Harold's behavior.
 A. I lost contact with Harold, so I couldn't understand his behavior.
 B. I have to lose a lot to understand Harold's behavior.
 C. I understood Harold's behavior completely.
 D. I find Harold's behavior quite incomprehensible.
11. When the police arrived the thieves took to flight leaving all the stolen things behind.
 A. did away B. climbed on C. took away D. ran away
12. My friend is good at mimicking people. He a great impression of Charlie Chaplin.
 A. made B. did C. took D. gave
13. You can ask Matin anything about history. He actually has quite a good for facts.
 A. head B. understanding C. knowledge D. ability
14. It was such a sad film that we all were reduced tears at the end.
 A. with B„ onto C. to D. into
15. I used to reading comics, but now I've grown out of it.
 A. take a fancy to B. keep an eye on C. get a kick out of D. kick up a fuss about
16. Little Deon: "This herb smells horrible, mommy!” 
Mommy:" it will do you a power of good."
 A. Come what may B. By the by C. What is more D. Be that as it may
17. It's not fair to put all the blame on him. He's not the only one at fault.
 A. He doesn't deserve to be blamed for everything as there were others involved.
 B. He deserved to be punished, but the others don't.
 C. It wouldn't be right to punish those who, like him, were not involved.
 D. Only the one who were involved should be punished.
18. You should take out insurance your house from any possible damage. Earthquakes 
sometimes occur here.
 A. in B„ on C. over D. of
19. However much effort he put into it, he will never make a go of the business.
 A. He's a failure as an a businessman even though he's extremely hardworking.
 B. No matter how hard he tries, he won't ever turn that business into a going concern.
 C. The success of the business will depend upon the amount of hard work he puts into it.
 D. Unless he is willing to make more of an effort, the business is never likely to be a success.
20. The government has launched a new road safety campaign in an attempt to reduce the number 
of road accidents.
 A. to try to B. to aim to c. to intend to D. to plan to
Exercise 4: Chọn phương án đúng
1. My cousin was nervous about being interviewed on television, but he to the occasion 
wonderfully.
 A. raised B. rose c. fell D. faced
2. I never thought that I could win a prize.
 A. It never dawned in me that I could win a prize.
 B. I was never put off from winning a prize.
 C. It never crossed my mind that I could win a prize.
 D. I never had full advantage of winning a prize.
3. Mike has quickly established himself the National Football League's most valued players.
 A. to be one of B. as one of C. as D. to be
4. “Do you know who else is going to be running for governor?" " that Mr. Jones is planning 
to.”
 A. Word is it B. Word has it C. Word has D. The words are
5. He built up a successful business but it was all done of his health.