Bài giảng Chuyên đề ngữ pháp tiếng Anh - Chủ đề: Adjective clauses

 CONTENTS
12-1 Adjective clauses: introduction
12-2 Using who and that in adjective ...
12-3 Using object pronouns in adjective ...
12-4 Using pronouns in adjective clauses
12-5 Singular and plural verbs in adjective  
12-6 Using prepositions in adjective clauses
12-7 Using whose in adjective clauses
 1 12-1 ADJECTIVE CLAUSES: INTRODUCTION
 11-10 CPITALIZATIONadjective + noun
(a) I have a terrific friend.
 adjective + noun
(b) I have a thoughtful friend.
 adjective modifies noun
 3 12-1 ADJECTIVE CLAUSES: INTRODUCTION
 11-10 CPITALIZATIONnoun + adjective clause
(c) I have a friend who is always cheerful.
 11-10 CPITALIZATIONnoun + adjective clause
(d) I have a friend who is a doctor.
 11-10 CPITALIZATIONnoun + adjective clause
(e) I have a friend who lives next door.
 adjective clause modifies noun
 5 12-2 USING WHO AND THAT IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
 The boy who is dirty 
 is very happy.
 7 12-2 USING WHO AND THAT IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(c) The child is messy. He is very happy. 
(d) The child that is messy is very happy.
 that = subject pronoun
 Can replace who
 9 12-1,12-2 LET’S PRACTICE 
two sentences one sentence who
 Jonah is in my English class. He is an 
 excellent student.
 Jonah who is an excellent student 
 is in my English class.
 11 12-3 USING OBJECT PRONOUNS IN ADJECTIVE
 CLAUSES TO DESCRIBE PEOPLE
 The woman that I spoke to 
 is a doctor.
 13 12-3 USING OBJECT PRONOUNS IN ADJECTIVE
 CLAUSES TO DESCRIBE PEOPLE
 S V O
(a) The woman is a doctor. I spoke to her.
 that
(c) The woman ØO IS spokeV to is a doctor. 
(b) The woman that I spoke to is a doctor. 
 OK to delete object pronoun
 15 12-3 USING OBJECT PRONOUNS IN ADJECTIVE
 CLAUSES TO DESCRIBE PEOPLE
(b) The woman that I spoke to is a doctor. 
(c) The woman Ø I spoke to is a doctor. 
(e) The woman who I spoke to is a doctor. 
(f) The woman whom I spoke to is a doctor. 
 that, Ø, common in speaking 
 who and writing
 whom very formal writing
 ONLY
 17 12-2, 12-3 LET’S PRACTICE 
 CORRECT OR INCORRECT ?
The man fixed my car was friendly.
 19 12-4 USING PRONOUNS IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES TO 
 DESCRIBE THINGS
 The tools that 
are in my pocket 
 are new.
 21 12-4 USING PRONOUNS IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES TO 
 DESCRIBE THINGS
(a) The tools are new. They are in my pocket.
(b) The tools that are in my pocket are new.
(c) The tools which are in my pocket are new.
 INCORRECT:
 The tools are in my pocket are new.
 23 12-4 USING PRONOUNS IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES TO 
 DESCRIBE THINGS
(d) The old car needs work. I drive it.
(e) The old car which I drive needs work.
 same meaning
(f) The old car that I drive needs work.
 same meaning
(g) The old car Ø I drive needs work.
 25 12-4 LET’S PRACTICE 
two sentences one sentence that
Where is the store? It sells great vegetables.
Where is the_____________________________? store that sells great vegetables
 27 12-5 SINGULAR AND PLURAL VERBS IN ADJECTIVE
 CLAUSES
(a) I have a friend who is a wonderful gardener.
 singular noun singular verb
 29 12-5 LET’S PRACTICE 
People who travel to other countries is
___are required to have a passport. are
 31 12-5 LET’S PRACTICE 
There are many people in speak
Europe who ______speak more than speaks
one language.
 33 12-6 USING PREPOSITIONS IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
 PREP OBJ
(a) The teacher is friendly. I talked to her.
 OBJ PREP
(c) The teacher that I talked to is friendly.
(d) The teacher Ø I talked to is friendly.
(b) The teacher whom I talked to is friendly.
 35 12-6 USING PREPOSITIONS IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
 PREP OBJ
(f) The paper is long. I am working on it.
 OBJ PREP
(h) The paper that I am working on is long.
(i) The paper Ø I am working on is long.
(g) The paper which I am working on is long.
 37 12-6 LET’S PRACTICE 
 two sentences one sentence which
 We went to a game. It was boring.
The game which we
went to was boring.
 39 12-6 LET’S PRACTICE 
The sculpture museum was that
interesting. We went to it.
The sculpture museum that 
we went to was interesting.
 41 12-7 USING WHOSE IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(a) The boy has a cast. 
 His wrist is broken. 
 43 12-7 USING WHOSE IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
 (a) The boy has a cast. 
 His wrist is broken. 
 whose wrist
(b) The boy whose wrist is broken has a cast.
 adjective clause
 45 12-7 USING WHOSE IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
 (c) I have a friend. 
 Her mother is a doctor. 
 whose mother
(d) I have a friend whose mother is a doctor.
 adjective clause
 47 12-7 USING WHOSE IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
 (e) The family was moving. 
 I bought their car. 
 whose car
(f) The family whose car I bought was moving.
 49 12-7 LET’S PRACTICE 
 who
 whose
This is my friend Ichiro.
His sister is a famous 
scientist.
This is my friend Ichiro whose sister
 is a famous scientist.
 51 12-7 LET’S PRACTICE 
 who
 whose
I go to a busy doctor.
Her patients often have to wait 
in line.
I go to a busy doctor whose patients often
 have to wait in line. 
 53